<!doctype html public «-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en»> http-equiv=content-type> The Middle Ages are justifiably regarded as an epoch characterized by fundamental integration processes, in which the papacy played a key role. This volume analyzes the changing relations of the Popes to the Archdiocese of Toledo, located directly on the frontier of the Moslem-ruled southern portion of the Iberian Peninsula, in a case study on papally influenced integration processes during the 12th century.