<!doctype html public «-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en»> http-equiv=content-type> Using the example of the Monarchiens, a group of constitutional monarchists, Friedemann Pestel examines how émigrés moved from being on the defensive to political action in the 1790s. Their pan-European connections gave them extensive visibility. The study shows the interconnections between lands of origin and exile. It corrects the prevalent view of emigrants as historical losers.
