<!doctype html public «-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en»> http-equiv=content-type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859–1"> This study investigates acts of anti-Semitic violence committed by Germans and Ukrainians in several dozen locations in Western Ukraine. The study’s broad consideration of contexts – the Holocaust, Soviet crimes, and Ukrainian state formation – leads to a new view of these events. The work is sure to become an indispensable resource in understanding controversies about Nazi and Soviet crimes.